Alakaʻi ʻike ʻike mahiʻai kāloti:
Introduction:
He mea maʻalahi nā kāloti e ulu i loko o ka māla me ka lepo hohonu a palupalu; a e like me kāu i manaʻo ai mai ka inoa, ua piha lākou me ka beta carotene. Hāʻawi ka lawelawe kīʻaha 1/2 iā ʻoe i ʻehā mau manawa i ka ʻae ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā o ka huaora A ma ke ʻano o ka beta carotene. ʻO ka ulu ʻana a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā kāloti he ala maikaʻi loa ia e hoʻohana pono ai i kā lākou pono meaʻai. He kuleana nui ʻo Carrot Farming i ka hoʻokele waiwai o India no ka mea he mea kanu mea kanu nui ma India.
Nā ʻano ʻano kāloti ma India:
- Puʻu: Ooty-1, Nantes Mua a me Koroda Hou
- Papu: ʻO India Gold, Pusa Kesar, a me Half Long Danvers
ʻO ka lepo maikaʻi loa no ka ulu ʻana i nā kāloti:
ʻO kā kāloti kahi mea kanu i ke kau anuanu a ke ulu ʻia ma 15°C a 20°C e ulu maikaʻi ke kala. Pono ka hua kāloti i kahi lepo loamy hohonu. Pono ia i ka pH mai ka 6.0 a i ka 7.0 no ka hua kiʻekiʻe.https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_620771810https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_620771812
ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka ulu ʻana i nā kāloti:
- Puʻu: Ma kahi kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 1500 mau mika, hiki ke ulu ʻia ʻo Carrot i loko o ka makahiki ma lalo o ka irrigation hōʻoia. Ma nā kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 1000 - 1500 mika, hiki ke ulu ʻo Carrot i Iulai - Pepeluali.
- Papu: Aukake.
Ka nui o ka lūlū hua o kā kāloti:
3.5 a 4 kg/ha.
ʻO ka mamao o nā mea kanu o kā kāloti:
E kaha i na lalani me ka mamao o 25 - 30 knm kaawale. E lūlū i nā ʻanoʻano i hui pū ʻia me ke one (hoʻokahi ʻāpana hua me 4 ʻāpana o ke one).
ʻO ka hoʻoemi ʻana o nā mea kanu kāloti:
Puʻu: 10 knm ma waena o nā mea kanu a me Papu: 5 knm ma waena o nā mea kanu.
Hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ʻāina no ke kanu ʻana i nā kāloti:
Puʻu: E hoʻomākaukau i ka ʻāina i kahi mahiʻai maikaʻi a hana i nā moena hoʻokiʻekiʻe o 15 knm ke kiʻekiʻe, hoʻokahi mika ka laulā, a me ka lōʻihi kūpono.
Papu: Hāʻawi ʻia ʻelua mau palau a hana ʻia nā kualono a me nā ʻauwaha ma kahi mamao o 30 cm.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā hua kāloti:
- Lapaau anoano me ka lua pipi @ 3 g i 1 lita o ka wai no 24 hora
- Ka mālama ʻana i nā hua me 5% Trichoderma viride
- ʻO ke aʻa o nā hua kanu me ka 5% ʻO Pseudomonas fluorescens ma mua o ke kanu ʻana
ʻO ka wai no ka ulu ʻana i nā kāloti:
Lako wai pono e hāʻawi ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i nā lā ʻelima. I ka wā maloʻo, ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻana nenoaio i? i ke ahiahi, pono e uhi ʻia nā moena me nā ʻeke pulu pulu. Mālama kēia i ka lilo ʻana o ka wai i nā lā lā. Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka germination o nā hua.
Pono nā manures a me nā mea kanu no ka ulu ʻana i nā kāloti:
- ʻO ka manuring ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka lupine 60 mau lā ma mua o ke kanu ʻana
- ʻO ka pīpī ʻana i ka manure pepeiaohao i ka lepo i ka manawa o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ʻāina @ 75g/ha ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i loko o 40 liters o ka wai.
- Ka noi ʻana i ka ʻōpala o ka pā hale i popopo maikaʻi ʻia @ 50 t/ha i ka manawa hoʻomākaukau ʻāina
- Ka noi ʻana i ka compost biodynamic @ 5 t/ha i ka manawa hoʻomākaukau ʻāina
- Ka noi ʻana i ka vermicompost @ 5 t/ha i ka manawa hoʻomākaukau ʻāina
- Ke noi ʻana i ka keke neem @ 1250 kg/ha i ka manawa hoʻomākaukau ʻāina
- Ke noi ʻana i nā biofertilizers, Azospirillum, a me Phosphobacteria @ 25 kg pakahi/ha i ka manawa o ka hoomakaukau aina
- Ka pīpī ʻana i ka lua pā bipi @ 5 kg/ha i 100 lita o ka wai ma ka lā 45, 60 a me 75 ma hope o ke kanu ʻana.
Ka Weed Control in Carrot Mahiai:
Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, e hana ʻia ka weeding mua i ka lā 15. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka thinning a me ka honua i ka lā 30th.
Nā mea hoʻoponopono ulu i ka mahiʻai kāloti:
- ʻO ka pulupulu lau o panchagavya @ 3 pakeneka ma 10 mau lā ma waena o ka mahina mua ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana.
- ʻO ka pīpī ʻana i ka vermiwash 10% 5 mau manawa ma 15 mau lā ma waena o hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana
- Foliar spray of horn silica @ 2.5 g/ha i 50 liters o ka wai ma ka lā 65th ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana e hoʻonui i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o nā aʻa kāloti.
ʻO nā mea ʻeha a me nā maʻi i ka mahiʻai kāloti:
ʻAʻole pili nui ʻia kā kāloti e nā pest.
ʻO ka nematode kumu aʻa:
- No ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka keke neem @ 1 ton/ha ka manawa o ka lūlū ʻana i mea e hoʻomalu ai i ka nematode root-knot, Meloidogyne spp
- Hoʻoulu ʻia ʻo kāloti i hoʻokahi manawa i loko o 3 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea kanu
- Ke ulu nei ka marigold i hoʻokahi manawa i 2 mau makahiki
- Hoʻohana o Paecilomyces lilacinus @ 10 kg/ha ma mua o ka lūlū hua
kiko lau:
- Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻōpala lau o 5% Manchurian tea filtrate 3 manawa i hoʻokahi mahina mai hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ke kanu ʻana.
- Foliar spray o 3% Dasagavya ma 10 mau lā kaawale mai ka mahina mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana.
ʻO nā maʻi pili lepo:
- Hoʻohana o Trichoderma viride @ 5 kg/ha i ka manawa o ka hoomakaukau aina.
- Hoʻohana o ʻO Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 5 kg/ha i ka manawa hoʻomākaukau ʻāina.
ʻO ka hua o nā kāloti:
25 – 30 tonnes/heka i loko o 100 – 120 lā.
Ka lawe ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana:
Hiki ke lawe ʻia ma o nā kaʻa i nā mākeke kūloko.