I kēia lā, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻehiku ʻeka o ka ʻāina mahiʻai ma ka panalāʻau aia ma lalo o ka pale o JSC Shchelkovo Agrochem, kahi mea hoʻolako i nā huahana pale mea kanu kūikawā, nā mea kanu, a me nā hua o kāna koho ponoʻī. Mahalo i kāna hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me kāna mau mea kanu, ua loaʻa kahi māla nui e like me "Steppe Dawns" mai ka moku ʻo Bolsheglushitsky i ka ʻohi ʻai ʻana o ka palaoa hoʻoilo i kēia makahiki - 68 kg/ha. ʻO nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, ma waho aʻe o ka hana kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana o ka hui, e nānā i ka lawelawe maikaʻi.
Hoʻomākaukau kūikawā - kahiʻano kūikawā
Ua ʻike ka poʻe mahiʻai kūloko i kēia hui mai 2008, i ka wā i wehe ʻia ai kahi keʻena ʻelele ma Samara. Loaʻa i kāna ʻano ʻoi aku ma mua o 150 mau huahana e ʻae iā ʻoe e pale i nā mea kanu i ulu ʻia ma ka ʻāina: cereals, soybeans, peas, flax, sunflower, rapeseed, buckwheat, a me nā māla a me nā māla waina.
He ākea ka papa inoa o nā huahana: nā mea pale, nā mea kanu lāʻau, insecticides, fungicides, fumigants, rodenticides, desiccants, pheromones, microbiological preparations, amino acid biostimulants, micro fertilizers no ka lole lau, nā mea hoʻoponopono ulu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ua ʻōlelo ke poʻo o ke keʻena ʻelele ʻo Samara o JSC Shchelkovo Agrochem, ʻo Ilgam Shakurov, ua loaʻa nā huahana āpau i nā helu kiʻekiʻe mai nā mea hana mahiʻai a me nā mahiʻai - me kāna kōkua, ʻoi aku ma mua o 250 mau ʻoihana mahiʻai ma ka ʻāina i loaʻa i kahi hoʻonui 2-3-fold o ka hua. .
ʻO keʻano kūikawā o nā huahana o ka hui i loko o kahiʻano kūikawā o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu ma ke ʻano o microemulsions, concentrates of colloidal solutions, oil concentrates of emulsions, oil dispersions and formulations.
ʻO ka pī jelly hua
No nā makahiki he nui, ua hoʻolako ka hui i nā hua o kāna koho ponoʻī i nā mahiʻai o ka ʻāina. Ua hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā hybrids Sunflower iā lākou iho i waena o nā mahiʻai Samara: Dakha, Commander, Bazik, AREV, Comet, Freya, Gyrfalcon a me Bombardier. ʻO ka hua o nā hybrids i hāʻawi ʻia e ka ʻoihana ʻaʻole i haʻahaʻa i nā mea i lawe ʻia mai, akā ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o lākou. Eia kekahi, ʻike ka poʻe mahiʻai i nā ʻano like me ka germination maikaʻi, ke kūʻē ʻana i nā mea ʻino, ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā hīnaʻi.
Hāʻawi ka hui i nā hua soya i kālai ʻia a i kālai ʻia o nā hua kiʻekiʻe i nā mea kanu soya o ka ʻāina. Hana ʻia lākou ma ka Betaran Seeds Breeding and Seed production Center me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana non-traumatic. Ma waena o ka papa inoa o nā ʻano ʻano i hāʻawi ʻia, kū ka ʻano Bingo, ʻo ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu ʻo Shchelkovo Agrochem.
Pono e nānā pono nā mea hana palaoa i nā ʻano kumu mua o ka palaoa hoʻoilo: Volodya, DF 2020, Dubovitsky Emerald, Sistema, Nemchinovskaya 85.
"Ua ʻike koke mākou i ka loaʻa kālā"
Ua kaulana ka mahiʻai a Andreeva ma ka moku Kamyshlinsky. Ua koho ʻo ke kolu o ka hanauna o ka ʻohana i kahi ʻāpana paʻakikī a hanohano o nā mea kanu palaoa.
ʻO ke poʻo o ka ʻohana ʻo Oleg Andreev a me kāna wahine ʻo Natalia, ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai Andreeva NV, he poʻe agronomists ma ka hoʻonaʻauao, e like me ko lākou mau mākua. ʻO ka nui o kā lākou mau mahinaʻai, me ka huki ʻana, kokoke i 1000 ʻeka.
Hoʻoulu nā kāne i ka hoʻoilo a me ka palaoa puna, buckwheat, soy, flax a me ka sunflower. Ua ʻohi ʻia ka palaoa hoʻoilo. Ua maikaʻi ka ʻohi ʻana, ma ka awelika 30 quintals no ka ʻeka, ke kolu a me ka hā o ka papa meaʻai, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha ke loaʻa nā agronomists i ka ʻohana. He poʻe kākoʻo lākou i ka mahiʻai non-arable - he ʻōnaehana hoʻokele i manaʻo ʻia he aerobatics ma waena o nā mahiʻai a ʻaʻole kala i nā hewa.
"Me nā huahana o ka hui Shchelkovo Agrochem, ua ʻike hope mākou i ka loaʻa kālā, hoʻōki i ka hana no ka hana," wahi a Natalia Andreeva. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻai i ʻohi ʻia i loko o ka wahi e loaʻa ai ka palaoa Klyavlin, ke kali nei nā kāne i nā kumukūʻai kūʻai maikaʻi no ka palaoa, ke kūkākūkā nei ka ʻohana i ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi mea kanu hou a me kahi hui lua.
Ua kokoke loa ka launa pū me Shchelkovo Agrochem. Ua loaʻa iā Oleg kahi kūlana ma ke ʻano he ʻelele o ka hui ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ka ʻāina ʻo Samara a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo i ka poʻe mahiʻai.
E lulu, mai palau
ʻO kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi o ka hana pū ʻana me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ʻo ia ka mea kūpono nā papahana no ka ʻenehana zero-tllage - me ka ʻole o ka palau ʻana, ka wehe ʻana a me nā hopena mīkini ʻē aʻe ma ka lepo, a no nā ʻano mahiʻai kuʻuna - ka palau a me ka wehe hohonu.
ʻOiai mai nā wahi kokoke mai e hele mai i ka poʻe mahiʻai no ka ʻōlelo aʻo - aia lākou ma mua o 60 mau māla "ma lalo o ko lākou ʻēheu". Ke nānā nui ʻia nei ka pilikia o ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu. Kāhea lākou iā ʻoe i kā lākou mau mahinaʻai, kūkākūkā, kūkākūkā i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana, mahiʻai, pale a me ka meaʻai o nā mea kanu.
Hiki ke loiloi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana mahiʻai ʻo "Shchelkovsky" e ka hiʻohiʻona o ke kūlana o ka māla flax. I ka lā o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ka mahiʻai, ua wehe ʻia nā wedge hope loa ma ʻaneʻi. Oilseed flax, ka mea no ka lua o ka makahiki i kūpono i loko o ka crop rotation o ka mahiʻai, haawi mai i ka maikai ohi - 10 kg / ha.
“Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ʻo Flax i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pale. Me ka ʻole o lākou, ua weede nā māla, "wahi a Oleg Andreev.
Haʻaheo ka Andreevs i nā māla buckwheat. Ua hoʻopaʻa lākou i ka mauʻu me ka "maikaʻi".
Hāʻawi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o nā wahi lūlū o Andreev no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā mea kanu hou. I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻeka hoʻokolohua i noho ʻia e Shchelkov sunflower hybrids. Ua hōʻike ʻo 22 hybrids iā lākou iho i ka pae o nā kūlana honua.
Aia ma kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi haneli heka he ʻehiku ʻano soybeans, me kahi ʻano Bingo hou no ka ʻāina ʻo Samara. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano like ʻole ʻo Bilyavka, ʻo ia ma hope, akā lanakila ma ke ʻano o ka helu a me ka piha o nā pods. ʻAʻole lākou ʻekolu, e like me ka mea maʻamau, akā ʻehā mau pī.
"Aia nā hoʻomākaukau kūikawā ʻo Shchelkov e hoʻolalelale i ka maturation," wahi a Oleg Andreev, "no laila hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka manawa ʻohi."
Ke mahi ʻia nei ka Soy no ka makahiki ʻelua - ʻoiai he mea hou kēia mea kanu. Ua hele mākou i Bashkiria no nāʻanoʻano, ua laweʻia maiʻeluaʻanoʻano mai laila mai, aia kekahi elite - mai ka mahiʻaiʻo Tsiruleva EP,ʻekolu mauʻano, kokoke iʻelua tona, mai ka hui Shchelkovo Agrochem. ʻO nā ʻano Bingo, ʻo Shchelkovsky Commander of breeding, i hōʻike pono iā lākou iho, ua hāʻawi ka ʻano Samer-1 i kahi hopena maikaʻi.
Hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe
He kanaka mahiʻai hoʻomaka ʻo Anton Kunyaev, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi mahiʻai ma 2019. I kēia manawa aia ʻo ia ma kahi o 1.5 tausani heka ma lalo o ka mahiʻai ʻana ma ke kauhale o Lopatino ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnoyarsk. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu e noho ʻia e ka sunflower, lūlū pū ʻo ia i nā hua palaoa: bale, palaoa, oats. Hoʻohana i ka mahiʻai kuʻuna - nā palau a me ka hoʻokuʻu hohonu.
"I kēia makahiki ua hoʻololi au i ka Shchelkovsky classic hybrid a ʻike koke i ka hopena," wahi a ka mea mahiʻai. — Mai kēia makahiki, ua hoʻomākaukau au no ka cereals, sunflower. Ma waena o nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ka hana ʻana me kahi mea hoʻolako, kāhea ʻo Anton Kunyaev i nā kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lawe ʻana a me nā hopena maikaʻi ma ke kahua.
Wahi a ia, ʻoiai ke kaʻina like ʻana, ʻaʻole i kūpono nā ʻano sunflower ʻē aʻe i kēia makahiki, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Shchelkovsky hybrid. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i ʻohi ʻia i kēia manawa, akā i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo e loaʻa kahi ʻohi maikaʻi.
No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻo Anton Kunyaev i ka Octopus extra (he herbicide mau), insecticides, a i ka makahiki aʻe e hoʻolālā ana e hoʻohana i kahi mea pale. Ma ke ala, ua hoʻopakele maoli ka insecticide Espero KS i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka sunflower i kēia makahiki mai ka moth, a me nā ʻano hua mai ka Kuzka beetle, bedbugs a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe.
Ua makemake pū ʻo ia i nā biostimulants, ʻo ia hoʻi nā amino acids, macro- a me nā microelements, me ka titanium. Ua ʻike koke ʻia nā hopena o ka hānai lau pua. ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi hou o ka hana pū ʻana me ka ʻoihana, ua ʻike ka mea mahiʻai i ka hiki ke hōʻaiʻē. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, pono nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia lā, a hiki iā ʻoe ke uku ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana. “A ʻo ka mea nui loa ka loaʻa iā lākou nā huahana pale mea kanu kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻolālā wau e hoʻololi piha i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o Shchelkovo Agrochem, "wahi a Anton Kunyaev.
ʻO Ilgam Shakurov, ke poʻo o ke Keʻena Lunamaka'āinana Samara o Shchelkovo Agrochem JSC:
- Ke hana nei mākou i ka ho'āla houʻana o ka hānauʻana o ka home a me ka hanaʻana i nā hua a me ka hāʻawiʻana i nā mea hana Lūkini me nā hua kiʻekiʻe, he mea nui loa ia i nā kūlana o ka hoʻopaʻi. ʻO nā mahiʻai e hana pū me mākou he mau ʻohi maikaʻi loa. Me kēlā mau ʻano hua a mākou e kūʻai aku nei. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua kanu a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā huahana pale mea kanu hou i ka mākeke nā wahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai ʻaʻole wale ka palekana o ka meaʻai o ka ʻāina, akā ʻo kona kūʻokoʻa agrarian.
ʻO Oleg Andreev, ka luna agronomist o ka mahiʻai Andreeva NV:
- ʻO kahi pōmaikaʻi nui o Shchelkovo Agrochem ʻaʻole lākou e hāʻawi i nā huahana maikaʻi wale nō, akā mākaukau pū nō hoʻi e hālāwai me kēlā me kēia mahiʻai i ka hapalua: e hoʻomaʻamaʻa, aʻo, hāʻawi i nā huahana i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no kēlā me kēia mea kanu. Nā puke kuhikuhi, manuals - hana ʻia nā mea a pau, pena ʻia. ʻO ka mea hoʻomaka e noʻonoʻo. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole mākaukau nā hui āpau e hana me nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, a hauʻoli ʻo Shchelkovo Agrochem no nā mea āpau - e hoʻouna pololei lākou i nā māla, a e hoʻopuka ʻia nā haʻawina.
ʻO Anton Kunyaev, ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana mahiʻai (mahiʻai):
- Ua hoʻoholo mua wau e hoʻololi wau i nā huahana o Shchelkovo Agrochem. Noʻu, ma ke ʻano he mea mahiʻai novice, he mea nui ʻaʻole wale ka maikaʻi o nā huahana, aʻu i ʻike mua ai, he kumukūʻai kūpono, akā lawelawe pū kekahi. Mālama kēia hui i nā mea kūʻai aku, kōkua iā mākou, hālāwai me mākou i ka hapalua. Aia kahi lawe, kāhea wau - lawe koke mai lākou i ka lā. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu mai nā maʻi pest, no ka laʻana. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻūhā mauʻu, pono mākou e hana koke. A ʻaʻole hōʻeha ka mea hoʻolako.
Kumu: https://volga.news/