Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā robots i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka naʻau ma o nā ʻano kaʻa, hiki ke ʻoi loa a paʻakikī. Ua noʻonoʻo kahi hui ʻo Cornell University i kahi ala e ʻike ai ka robot palupalu i kona puni i loko, e like me ke ʻano o ke kanaka.
He pūʻulu i alakaʻi ʻia e Robert Shepherd, ke kaukaʻi kōkua o ka ʻenekinia mechanical a me ka aerospace a me ka mea noiʻi nui o Ke Keʻena Lopako Organic, ua paʻi i kahi pepa e wehewehe ana i ka hana ʻana o nā alakaʻi nalu optical stretchable e like me ka curvature, elongation a me nā mea ʻike ikaika i kahi lima robotic palupalu.
ʻO Huichan Zhao, haumāna kauka, ʻo ia ka mea kākau kumu o "Optoelectronically Innervated Soft Prosthetic Hand ma o Stretchable Optical Waveguides, "i hōʻike ʻia ma ka paʻi mua o Science Robotics. Ua paʻi ka pepa i ka lā 6 o Dek. ʻO nā haumāna kaukaʻo Kevin O'Brien lāua ʻo Shuo Li, ʻelua o ka lab Shepherd.
"ʻO ka hapa nui o nā robots i kēia lā he mau sensor ma waho o ke kino e ʻike i nā mea mai ka ʻili," wahi a Zhao. "Hoʻohui ʻia kā mākou mau mea ʻike i loko o ke kino, no laila hiki iā lākou ke ʻike maoli i nā mana e lawe ʻia ana ma o ka mānoanoa o ka robot, e like me mākou a me nā mea ola a pau ke ʻike mākou i ka ʻeha, no ka laʻana."
Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā alakaʻi nalu Optical mai ka makahiki 1970 no nā hana ʻike he nui, me ka tactile, kūlana a me ka acoustic. He hana paʻakikī ka hana ʻana, akā ʻo ka hiki ʻana mai i nā makahiki he 20 i hala o ka lithography palupalu a me ka paʻi 3-D ua alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea ʻike elastomeric i hana maʻalahi a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi noi robotic palupalu.
Ua hoʻohana ka hui ʻo Shepherd i ʻehā mau ʻanuʻu lithography lithography e hana i ke kumu (kahi e hoʻolaha ai ka mālamalama), a me ka pale (waho o ka ʻaoʻao nalu), kahi e waiho ai i ka LED (light-emitting diode) a me ka photodiode.
ʻOi aku ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lima prosthetic, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nalowale o ka mālamalama ma o ke kumu. ʻO kēlā nalowale o ka mālamalama, e like me ka ʻike ʻia e ka photodiode, ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai i ka prosthesis ke "ʻike" i kona puni.
"Inā ʻaʻole i nalowale ke kukui i ka wā e kulou ai mākou i ka prosthesis, ʻaʻole loaʻa iā mākou kekahi ʻike e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka sensor," wahi a Shepherd. "ʻO ka nui o ka poho e pili ana i ke ʻano o kona piko."
Ua hoʻohana ka hui i kāna prosthesis optoelectronic e hana i nā hana like ʻole, me ka hopu ʻana a me ka ʻimi ʻana no ke ʻano a me ke ʻano. ʻO ka mea nui, ua hiki i ka lima ke nānā i ʻekolu mau tōmato a hoʻoholo, ma ka palupalu, ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi loa.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Zhao i kēia ʻenehana he nui nā hoʻohana ma mua o nā prostheses, me nā robots bio-inspired, a Shepherd i ʻimi pū ai me. Mason Peck, hoa kaukaʻi o ka ʻenekinia mechanical a me ka ʻenekinia, no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻimi lewa.
"ʻAʻohe manaʻo manaʻo o kēlā papahana," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Shepherd, e pili ana i ka hui pū ʻana me Peck, "akā inā loaʻa iā mākou nā sensor, hiki iā mākou ke nānā i ka manawa maoli i ka loli ʻana o ke ʻano i ka wā o ka puhi ʻana [ma o ka wai electrolysis] a hoʻomohala i nā kaʻina hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana.
ʻO ka hana i ka wā e hiki mai ana i nā alakaʻi nalu optical i nā robotics palupalu e kālele ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mana sensory, ma kahi ʻāpana ma ka paʻi ʻana o 3-D i nā ʻano sensor paʻakikī, a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini ma ke ʻano o ka wehe ʻana i nā hōʻailona mai ka nui o nā mea ʻike. "I kēia manawa," wahi a Shepherd, "he paʻakikī ke ʻike i kahi e hele mai ai kahi paʻi."
Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia hana e kahi haʻawina mai Air Force Office of Scientific Research, a hoʻohana ʻia i ka Cornell NanoScale ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana a me ka Cornell Center for Materials Research, kākoʻo ʻia lāua ʻelua e ka National Science Foundation.
- Tom Fleischman, Ke Kulanui ʻo Cornell