ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mahi ʻana i ka meaʻai ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o nā mea olaola a me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i kahi kaiaola. Eia naʻe, he noiʻi hou mai ka poʻe noiʻi ma nā kulanui he nui, e like me ke Kulanui o Texas ma Austin, e hōʻole i kēia manaʻo, e hōʻike ana i ka hopena maikaʻi o nā māla kaiāulu a me nā mahiʻai kūlanakauhale i ka biodiversity, nā kaiaola kūloko a me ka maikaʻi o nā kānaka e hana ana i loko o lākou.
ʻO ka noi, i paʻiʻia ma Nā Leta Ecology, nana i 28 kaiāulu kūlanakauhale nā māla ma Kaleponi ma luna o ʻelima mau makahiki a ua helu ʻia nā meaola likeʻole i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona, a me nā hana kaiaola e like me ka pollination, carbon sequestration, hana meaʻai, mālama pest a me ke ola kanaka.
"Makemake mākou e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa kekahi tradeoffs ma ke ʻano o ka biodiversity a i ʻole ka hopena i ka hana kaiaola," wahi a Shalene Jha, he kumu kaukaʻi o ka biology integrative i alakaʻi i ka mea kākau ma ka pepa. "ʻO ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai, ʻo kēia mau māla, ka mea e hāʻawi nei i nā kumuwaiwai meaʻai nui a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maikaʻi no nā māla, ke kākoʻo nei hoʻi i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. He lanakila-lanakila.
ʻO nā manaʻo mua a nā ʻepekema e pili ana i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai ma luna o nā mea olaola, ua ʻaneʻane e hoʻokumu ʻia i nā ʻoihana mahiʻai kuaʻāina koʻikoʻi e ulu ana i hoʻokahi a ʻelua wale nō ʻano o nā mea kanu, pinepine i ka nui nui. ʻO nā māla kaiāulu kūlanakauhale, nā kīhāpai pilikino, a me nā mahiʻai a me nā māla ʻai i ke kūlanakauhale e ulu nui i nā ʻano mea kanu ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia haʻawina hou ka mea mua e ʻimi ai i nā hopena o nā kīhāpai kūlanakauhale ma waena o kahi ākea o nā ana biodiversity a me nā lawelawe kaiaola.
"Ua manaʻo ʻia ma 2030, ma kahi o 60% o ka heluna o ka honua e noho i nā kūlanakauhale," wahi a Jha. "A ʻo nā mahiʻai a me nā māla i kēia manawa ke hāʻawi nei ma kahi o 15% -20% o kā mākou lako meaʻai, no laila pono lākou i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia like ʻole o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka mea a mākou e ʻike nei, ʻo nā kīhāpai kūlanakauhale he manawa koʻikoʻi e kākoʻo ai i ka biodiversity a me ka hana meaʻai kūloko.
Ua ʻike pū ʻia ka haʻawina ʻo nā koho a ka poʻe māla e hana i ka hopena nui i ko lākou kaiaola kūloko. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻonui i ke kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ma waho o nā moena hoʻoliʻiliʻi kalapona palena ole nā mea helu penikala a i ʻole ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hana ʻai mai ka malu nui. A ʻo ka mulching wale nō i loko o nā moena mea kanu hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā lawelawe kalapona lepo, ʻoiai e pale ana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i nā pest a me nā pollinators.
ʻO Monika Egerer, Peter Bichier, Hamutahl Cohen, Stacy M. Philpott lāua ʻo Azucena Lucatero o UC Santa Cruz, Heidi Liere o ke Kulanui ʻo Seattle a me Brenda Lin o CSIRO Land and Water Flagship ma Australia he mau mea kākau o ka noiʻi.