#Eggplant #Agriculture #ProductionProduction #Farming #Integrated PestManagement #SoilPreparation #Ohi #PestsandDiseases
ʻO ka eggplant, i kapa ʻia ʻo aubergine a i ʻole brinjal, kahi mea kanu ʻono a maikaʻi i ulu ʻia no nā kenekulia. Eia naʻe, pono ka ʻike a me ka ʻike no ka hoʻohua maikaʻi ʻana i ka hua eggplants. Hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i kahi alakaʻi piha i ka hana ʻana i ka eggplant, e uhi ana i nā mea āpau mai ke kanu ʻana a hiki i ka ʻohi ʻana.
He hua nui ka eggplants no ka poe mahiai a puni ka honua. Wahi a ka Food and Agriculture Organization o United Nations (FAO), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka eggplant honua ma 2019 ma mua o 54 miliona tons. ʻO Kina ka mea hana nui loa, a ma hope o India a me ʻAigupita.
No ka hana ʻana i nā eggplants kiʻekiʻe, pono e koho i ke ʻano kūpono. Nui nā ʻano ʻano eggplants i loaʻa, kēlā me kēia me kona ʻano ponoʻī a me nā koi ulu. Hāʻawi ka University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources (UCANR) i alakaʻi kōkua i ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano eggplant e pili ana i nā mea e like me ka nui o ka hua, ke ʻano, a me ke kala.
Ke koho ʻoe i kāu ʻano eggplant, pono e hoʻomākaukau pono i ka lepo. E ulu ana ka eggplants ma ka lepo momona me ka pH ma waena o 5.5 a me 6.5. Manaʻo ka University of Florida IFAS Extension e hoʻohui i nā mea olaola i ka lepo, e like me ka compost a i ʻole ka manure, e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka momona a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai.
ʻO ka eggplants kahi hua mahana e pono ai ka nui o ka lā a me ka wela e ulu ai. Pono lākou e kanu ʻia ma hope o ka hau hope loa ma kou wahi, maʻamau i ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ʻole ke kauwela mua. Manaʻo ke Kulanui o Minnesota Extension e kanu i nā eggplants ma nā lālani he 2 a 3 kapuaʻi ke kaʻawale, me 18 a 24 iniha ma waena o nā mea kanu.
Hiki i nā eggplants ke loaʻa i nā ʻano mea ʻino a me nā maʻi like ʻole, e like me nā pīkī flea, aphids, a me verticillium wilt. Hiki i nā ʻenehana hoʻokele pest integrated (IPM) ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau pilikia me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides kemika. Hāʻawi ke Kulanui o Massachusetts Amherst i kahi alakaʻi maikaʻi loa i ka IPM no ka hana ʻana i ka eggplant.
ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana i nā eggplants i ka manawa kūpono he mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hua kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a ka University of Illinois Extension, ua mākaukau nā eggplants e ʻohi i ka wā e ulu pono ai, ʻālohilohi, a paʻa. Hiki ke ʻawaʻawa a ulu paha nā ʻanoʻano paʻakikī.
Pono ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻana a me ka nānā pono ʻana i nā kikoʻī no ka hoʻohua maikaʻi ʻana o ka eggplants. Ma ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole, ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana i ka lepo, ka mālama ʻana i nā pōpoki a me nā maʻi, a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, hiki i nā mea mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana mahiʻai ke hoʻohua i nā eggplants kiʻekiʻe a ʻono a momona.