ʻO ka manaʻo e hoʻololi nā drones i ka ʻāina o ka mahiʻai i nā makahiki he nui i kēia manawa. E like me ka 2016, ua ʻōlelo ka MIT Technology Review i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka drone "hoʻololi" i ka mahiʻai.
ʻOiai ke piʻi nei nā drones ma ke kula - inā no ka nānā ʻana i nā mea kanu a i ʻole ka pipi ʻana - ke piʻi nei, ua lohi ka mīkini hype. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka drone he ʻāpana o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mahiʻai, akā ʻo ka manaʻo ʻana e hana hou nā drones i nā palena o ka mahiʻai ʻana i ka hyperbole.
"ʻAʻole e lawe nā Drones i kahi o nā mokulele, akā e loaʻa iā lākou kahi wahi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticide," Dominic LaJoie, hope peresidena o nā pili kaiapuni, ʻAha ʻUala Kahala, i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā o ka Potato Expo ma Austin, Texas.
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pesticide a me ka herbicide, akā - e like me ka nui o nā mea noiʻi ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai no nā drones - ʻaʻole i hiki ke loaʻa i nā mea ulu. ʻO Ian MacRae, kumu aʻoaʻo a me Extension entomologist, Ke Kulanui o Minnesota, ka mea i hana i ka noiʻi nui me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā drones, ua kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kumuhana i ka wā i hala Nā Huaʻai Nui, Huaʻai a me ka Mākeke Mahiʻai EXPO ma Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Ma ke ʻano o ka noi spray, ua ʻōlelo ʻo MacRae hiki i nā drones kūpono ke lawe i kahi 10 paona o ka huahana i ka manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō pono iā lākou no nā māla nui.
"ʻAʻole maoli ia no ka noi maʻamau," wahi āna.
Eia ka mea a MacRae i ʻōlelo ai ma nā ʻano kumuhana like ʻole e pili ana i ka ʻenehana drone.
Kamaʻāina mamao
"ʻO ka mea e alakaʻi nei i kēia manaʻo holoʻokoʻa ma hope o nā drones a me ka ʻike mamao ʻo ia ka holomua o ka ʻenehana," wahi a MacRae. "ʻOiai ke nānā nui nei nā drones, he tripod lele wale nō ka drone. Hele mai ka moʻolelo maoli me nā mea ʻike. E like me nā kelepona paʻalima, liʻiliʻi nā mea a pau, wikiwiki, maikaʻi a maʻalahi. ʻO ia ka mea e hana nei me nā mea ʻike.
No ka laʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻo MacRae i kahi mea ʻehā-sensor e ana i nā lōʻihi hawewe e ʻike ai i ka hana lāʻau maikaʻi ʻole i holo no kahi $ 8,000 i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei he hapalua ia i kēia lā.
Nā kāmeʻa wela
ʻO ke ala e hana ai ka ʻenehana sensory mamao ma o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā lōʻihi nalu i ka mea kanu a me ka nānā ʻana i nā mea i ʻike ʻia i hope. ʻO ka mea nui loa he kukui infrared kokoke, wahi a MacRae. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kukui infrared i hōʻike ʻia he hōʻailona ia o kahi mea kanu koʻikoʻi, akā ʻaʻole ia he ʻike hou. ʻO kahi o ka holomua ʻana ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi kiʻi wela.
"Maikaʻi pinepine, me nā iniseti a me nā maʻi, ʻo ka hopena e loaʻa ai ʻo ia e noho lāua ma ka nalu like," wahi a MacRae. "Akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi i ka hoʻoponopono wela o ka mea kanu ma mua o nā pepeke. No laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka wela e hoʻokaʻawale inā pili mākou i kahi iniseti a i ʻole kahi maʻi.
"He liʻiliʻi loa kēia mau mea ʻike wela, hiki iā mākou ke kau iā lākou ma luna o kahi drone i ka manawa like me nā mea ʻike ʻē aʻe."
ʻO ka hilinaʻi
Ke iho nei ke kumu kūʻai o nā drones ponoʻī, me nā lako sensory a me nā kāmela, akā he laina maikaʻi loa ia i ke kaulike ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka me ka pilikia. E like me kā MacRae i ʻōlelo ai, inā lele ʻoe i kahi drone, e hāʻule kēlā drone i kekahi manawa.
"He nui nā ʻano like ʻole ma laila. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i kahi nui. Ke lele nei mākou i kēlā mau mea, akā hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi, "wahi a MacRae. "ʻO ke kumu o ka hāʻule ʻana o kekahi o kēia mau mea - ʻike ʻoe ʻaʻole wau i ʻōlelo 'inā' - akā i ka wā e hāʻule ai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kāu kālā. ʻO ka DJI S1000, aia lākou ma kahi o $4,000. ʻO ka 3DR Solos ma kahi o $300. Hana like lākou, a ua like lākou me ka hilinaʻi. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ʻo ka S1000 he uku ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uku, no laila hoʻohana mākou iā ia no nā sensor ʻoi aku ka nui.
GIS i ka hoʻomohala polokalamu
Hiki i nā sensor a me nā kāmela ke hōʻiliʻili i ka nui o nā ʻikepili a me nā haneli kiʻi mai kahi huakaʻi drone hoʻokahi i ke kahua. Me ka ʻole o ka lako polokalamu pono e hoʻonohonoho a wehewehe i ka ʻikepili, he mea ʻole ia i nā mea ulu. Ke hoʻomau nei ka holomua ma ia wahi, wahi a MacRae.
"Ua hana mākou i nā ala e ana i ka defoliation me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi lewa. … Ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole kēia ke ala e lawe mua ʻia ai kēia," wahi a MacRae. "Pono mākou e ʻimi i nā polokalamu e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea ulu. Ua hoʻomaka mākou e nānā i nā polokalamu ʻike honua (GIS). He mea kēia e loaʻa maʻamau loa. ʻO ia ke kuleana i ka hoʻokele kaʻa i nā tractor. Ua aʻo maoli mākou i ka GIS e ʻōlelo 'he mea kanu kēia' a 'ʻaʻole kēia.' I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi GIS e haʻi iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka uhi i loaʻa iā ʻoe ma kekahi wahi.
Ma ka lewa
Hana ʻo MacRae me ka ʻuala ma mua o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Ke nānā nei kāna hui i nā ala e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā sensor e ʻike ai i ka PVY a me ka late blight, ma waena o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻike mamao ma nā drones a hoʻohui pū ʻia ke ana ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka irrigation a me ka pesticide a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau herbicide ʻo ia paha nā wahi nui o ka nānā ʻana i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
"ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi loa i nā makahiki ʻelua e hiki mai ana, ʻo ia ka spray drift, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopena i ka ʻuala a me ka lawe ʻana i ka herbicide," wahi a MacRae.
ʻO kekahi mea hana
Ke nānā nei nā mea kuleana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka drone me ka makaʻala, akā ʻaʻole ia e unuhi i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā i kēia manawa, ʻōlelo ʻo MacRae. ʻAʻole i laila ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā.
"He nui ka ʻenehana e pono e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia," wahi āna. "Ke kamaʻilio wau me nā mea kuleana, makemake lākou i ka ʻikepili, akā ʻaʻole lākou makemake e lilo i mea e loaʻa ai ka ʻikepili. No laila, manaʻo wau e ʻike mākou i ka lawe ʻana mai nā hiʻohiʻona lawelawe.
"ʻO ia ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai - e hoʻololi nā drones i ka nui o ka ʻike i loaʻa iā ʻoe a kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻololi i kekahi mea," wahi a MacRae. "E lilo ana ia i kumu ʻikepili ʻē aʻe."
- Zeke Jennings, mea kākau VGN