Ke emi loa nei ka heluna kanaka nalo meli o ka honua i hiki ʻole i ka ʻepekema ke hoʻohuli. Ke hana nei kekahi poʻe ʻepekema i nā hoʻonā i ka poʻe hewa - nā maʻi, nā pests, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka bee forage a me nā pesticides - aʻo kekahi e ʻimi nei i nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka honeybee pollination.
ʻEkolu mau pūʻulu ʻepekema ke nānā nei i nā robotics i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka honeybee pollination. Ua hoʻolālā ʻelua o lākou i nā lopako lele liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ke kolu e hoʻolālā ana i kahi lopako huila.
ʻO nā mea hana ʻekolu he prototypes. Ua lawe ʻēheu nā papahana lewa, ʻoiai ʻo ke kumu hoʻohālike i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka ʻāina aia nō i kāna pae hoʻolālā mua loa. Ua hoʻomaka nā mea noiʻi ʻo Harvard University i kā lākou hana 10 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻoiai nā ʻepekema ma Iapana National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology ua wehe koke nei i kahi pollinator lewa uila e hōʻiliʻili a waiho i ka pollen.
Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ala ʻoi aku ka paʻa, ke hoʻolālā nei ka hui multi-disciplinary o West Virginia University (WVU) i kahi robot autonomous, huila i hiki ke ʻimi, ʻike a pollinating i nā pua pākahi.
Kepani lele
Hoʻolaha ʻia ma Chem, kahi puke pai i nānā ʻia e nā hoa, ʻo ka hāmeʻa Kepanī he drone liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me kahi kāʻei lauoho lio i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kona ʻaoʻao lalo. ʻO ia wale nō ka polokalamu robotic i pollinated maoli i kahi mea kanu - i kēia hihia, he lilia Kepani ma kahi hoʻokolohua lab.
Ua uhi ʻo Eijiro Miyako, ke alakaʻi alakaʻi o ka papahana i ke kāʻei o ka robot me kahi gel wai ionic. Noho paʻa nā ILG no ka manawa lōʻihi ma nā wahi maʻamau a paʻakikī, wahi āna. He kūpaʻa nō hoʻi lākou a kū i ka wai.
Ua hoʻonui ka pūhui i ka ʻāpana o ke kāʻei i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, i kōkua iā ia e hōʻiliʻili a mālama i ka nui o ka pollen i ka wā lele. ʻO ka pulu o ka gel a me nā waiwai electrostatic e hōʻemi i ka pōʻino pollen ke hoʻopili ke kāʻei i nā stamens a me nā pistils.
Ua wehewehe ʻo Miyako i ka hana o ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka drone e pollinate i nā pua he "paʻakikī loa. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au he mea maikaʻi loa ke ʻano o ka naʻauao artificial (AI), GPS a me nā kāmela hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mīkini e hiki mai ana, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia ma kahi ninaninau leka uila.
Hiki nō hoʻi iā AI ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pollinating drone.
"Hiki i kahi puʻupuʻu o AI robotic bees ke hoʻoholo i ke ala pōkole loa e pua ai a me ke ala maikaʻi loa o ka pollination," wahi āna.
ʻO RoboBee ʻo Harvard
ʻO ka pollination hoʻokahi wale nō noi ʻO Robert Wood ka mea noiʻi alakaʻi o ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard e ʻike ana i kahi lopako microelectronic. Manaʻo ʻo ia a me kāna hui he mea pono ia i nā hana ʻimi a hoʻopakele.
Ke kukulu ana i ka RoboBee ʻAʻole hiki a hiki i ka wā i haku ai lākou i mea hana hou. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Pop-Up MEMS, nā puke pop-up a me ka origami i hāʻawi i ka hoʻoikaika. Ke hoʻohana nei ke kaʻina hana i kahi kaʻina hoʻopaʻa a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i loko o kahi kiʻi e hui pū ai i nā robots i kahi neʻe hoʻokahi.
ʻO ka nui o ka hapaha US, ʻo ka RoboBee he 2.4 millimeters ke kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku kona kaumaha ma lalo o 3.2 auneke. Lele a ʻauʻau a hiki ke kū i luna ma luna o nā ʻili palahalaha, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uila paʻa. Ma hope aʻe, makemake ka poʻe noiʻi Harvard e kūkulu i kahi "hive" no nā pi e hoʻonui i ko lākou mana.
Manaʻo ʻo Wood e hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo RoboBees i nā pūʻulu, e like me kekahi o kā lākou mea i hana ai, Kilobots. Hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi ʻo Harvard i kēia mau robots liʻiliʻi, autonomous e noiʻi i ka hui AI a me nā ʻano swarm.
Robotic rover
Loaʻa ka WVU prototype i kāna halihali robotic mai kahi haumāna ʻenehana kumu hoʻohālike i kūkulu ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia e lanakila i ka 2016 Sample Return Robot Centennial Challenge o NASA. Ua hoʻolālā nā haumāna i ka lopako kūʻokoʻa e neʻe a puni kahi kahua a kiʻi i nā mea me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana wale nō i hiki ke hana ma kahi kaiapuni Martian a i ʻole ka mahina.
ʻO ka hana a kēia lopako ka mea i kapa ʻia e kāna mea noiʻi nui he pollination pololei.
“ʻAʻole mākou makemake i ka puhi wale ʻana i ka ea a i ʻole ka lulu ʻana i nā mea kanu i mea e pollinate ai lākou. Ua hoihoi mākou i ka pili ʻana i nā pua pākahi,” wahi a mākou Yu Gu, WVU aerospace a me mechanical engineering kokua polopeka.
E kau ʻo Gu a me kāna hui i kahi ʻano lidar a me nā kāmela e hiki ai i ka lima robotic ke ʻimi i nā pua pākahi, e hoʻoholo i ko lākou ola a hoʻopili i ka pollen i nā pua olakino. E like me ka radar, hoʻohana ʻo Lidar i nā pulse māmā i hana ʻia e ka laser - ma kahi o nā hawewe kani - e ʻike i nā mea.
E hoʻāʻo ʻo WVU i kāna pollinator ma nā raspberry ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻāʻo i ka robot ma luna o nā hanauna berry i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki i ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana lākou i kahi pūnaewele i loko. ʻO kēia wale nō ka pōʻai mua o ka noiʻi; e hoʻomohala hou ʻia i nā haʻawina ma hope.
"Makemake mākou e hōʻike e hiki ke hana mua," wahi a Gu.
Iloko o ka manawa nō …
Entomologists ma ka ʻO Danforth Lab ma ke Kulanui ʻo Cornell manaʻoʻiʻo hiki i nā nalo maoli ke hoʻokō i kekahi, a i kekahi mau hihia, i nā koi pollination āpau o kahi māla waina. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Maria van Dyke, ka luna noiʻi a me ka outreach o ka lab, aia kekahi mau kīhāpai mokuʻāina o New York ʻaʻole i hoʻolimalima hou i nā hives akā hoʻohana i ka pollination bee maoli.
He mea koʻikoʻi paha kēia i kēia manawa, no ka mea, ʻo kēlā me kēia o nā hiʻohiʻona robot ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki mai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻoihana. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lopako o Harvard i kāna kumu mana, a hiki i ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi o Iapana ke pōmaikaʻi mai ka hoʻohui ʻana o GPS a me ka naʻauao hana.
ʻAʻole i hoʻopau ka hui WVU o Gu i kāna hana hoʻolālā. Ke kūkulu ʻia kahi prototype, e hana lākou i nā holo hoʻāʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻana i nā hua pollinated robotic e kūʻē i nā hua pollinated kūlohelohe.
- ʻO David Weinstock, ka mea kākau moʻolelo FGN