Loaʻa i nā mea kanu Strawberry i kēia manawa kahi hāmeʻa noi kelepona akamai manuahi e wānana i ka uhi ʻana i ka pulupulu no ka hakakā ʻana i nā mea ʻino e like me nā mite spider mite ʻelua-spotted, lygus bugs a me leafrollers, mahalo i kahi papahana hui ʻekolu makahiki e pili ana i ka UC Davis agricultural entomologist. Kalikiano Nansen a me kekahi mau ʻoihana ʻepekema kamepiula ʻo UC Davis.
"Ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka uhi ʻana o ka pulupulu maoli i nā mahina ʻai," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Nansen, he kumu loea ma ka UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology. ʻO kēia mau mea e pili ana i ka wikiwiki tractor, nā nozzles spray, ka volume spray, ke kiʻekiʻe boom, adjuvants, a me nā kūlana o ka wā. Akā ʻo wai nā mea nui loa? A aia paha nā pilina ma waena o kekahi o kēia mau ʻano?"
ma Hoʻopuu akamai, he polokalamu i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā kelepona ʻo IOS a me nā kelepona Android, hiki i nā mea ulu ke hoʻoikaika a hana i ka mana maikaʻi o nā noi pesticide i kā lākou māla strawberry, wahi a Nansen.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Krishna Chennapragada, he alumnus i kēia manawa, i ka papahana a me ka hoʻolālā mua, e helu ana ma kahi o 500 mau hola ma mua o kona puka ʻana. ʻO ka hui o kēia lā, ma waho aʻe o Nansen, ʻo ia ka poʻe recruits ʻo Gabriel Del Villar, kahi puka ʻepekema kamepiula 2019, a me Alexander Recalde, he mea nui i ka ʻepekema kamepiula. Ua hui pū lākou ma kahi o 400 mau hola ma ka papahana.
"He multidisciplinary maoli ka papahana," wahi a Nansen, me ka hoʻohui ʻana "ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui e pili ana iā UC Davis ʻo ia ka pale ma waena o nā koleke he papau loa."
ʻAʻohe o nā ʻepekema kamepiula "ʻaʻohe ʻike i ka mahiʻai akā makemake nui lākou i ka papahana a pehea e hiki ai iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka meaʻai hoʻomau," wahi a Nansen, me ka hoʻohui ʻana "He maikaʻi maoli lākou. Pono mākou i nā poʻe me kā lākou mau akamai a ʻo ka hana a lākou e hana nei e hoʻonui ai i kā lākou ʻoihana.
ʻO ka Smart Spray app, ʻōlelo lākou, hiki i ka mea hoʻohana ke wānana i ka uhi ʻana i ka uhi ʻana ma lalo o nā hiʻohiʻona hana like ʻole, me ke ʻano o nā nozzles, ka nui o ka spray, a me ka wikiwiki o ka tractor, a me ka ʻikepili o ka wā, e like me ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa pili a me ka makani. ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke kaʻina hana: kau ka mea hoʻohana i kahi kāleka ʻike wai ma ke kula ma mua o ka noi ʻana i kahi palapala hoʻoheheʻe, kiʻi iā ia, a hoʻouka iā ia i loko o ka app.
"Inā he mea ulu ʻoe, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i ka wā e hele ai ʻoe e pulupulu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puka ʻana mai ka nozzle, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi e loaʻa iā ʻoe," wahi a Nansen. “Akā, no ka laʻana, inā ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka makani, haʻahaʻa loa ke kanaka pili, kiʻekiʻe loa ke kaomi, a i ʻole e hele wikiwiki ana ʻoe-ʻoiai ke pīpī ʻoe i nā leo nui-hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka uhi maikaʻi loa. he kumu kūʻai. Hiki i ka pulupulu nui ke hiki i nā kula ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale kokoke ma muli o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "spray drift".
"ʻO ka mea maʻamau, e pīpī ka mea ulu i ka 100 a 150 mau galani no ka ʻeka i ka wā e pīpī ai ʻo ia," wehewehe ʻo Nansen. He melemele ke kāleka wai, akā hoʻopaʻa inoa ia i ka polū ke launa pū me ka makū. "Ua lōʻihi kēia mau kāleka," wahi āna. “Ua kūʻai lākou ma kahi o $1 i ke kāleka, ʻaʻole maʻalahi. Akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻolilo ʻoe i mau tausani kālā e hoʻomalu i nā mea ʻino. A hiki i nā hui pesticide ke uku no nā kāleka. "
"E ʻōlelo ʻoe makemake ʻoe e wānana i kāu uhi ʻana ma mua o kou hoʻohu ʻana i kēia pō a ʻapōpō paha," wehewehe ʻo Nansen. “E nana i ke ano o ka lewa; he aha ka wānana? A laila pehea ʻoe e hana ai i kēia? He aha inā inā ʻoe e pīpī i 100 galani a makemake ʻoe e hele i ʻelua mau mile i ka hola. Hoʻokomo ʻoe i ka ʻikepili - a me nā ʻikepili pili ʻē aʻe a pau-ma ka polokalamu Smart Spray. E wānana ʻo ia i ka uhi e loaʻa iā ʻoe me ʻeiwa nozzles ʻokoʻa. ʻO ia nā nozzles i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea kanu strawberry maʻamau, kahi helu a mākou i hoʻokumu ʻia ma kahi kokoke i 3000 hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua o ʻekolu makahiki. No laila, ua hana mākou i nā haʻawina home he nui no kēia, no ka laʻana - nā rigs spray like ʻole, nā ʻano nui o nā mea kanu, nā ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu, a ma lalo o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Ua uhi mākou i nā pae āpau a mākou e noʻonoʻo ai. Ua hōʻiliʻili mākou i ka wai a me ka ʻikepili hana a hana mākou i ka loiloi holomua (no ka hoʻohālike).
"Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia wānana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kahi inoa, e ʻōlelo i ka Field 6, a komo iā ia mai ka waihona," wahi a Nansen. “E pili ana i ka hoʻomalu maikaʻi. He mea hana ia e wānana a hana i ka mana maikaʻi. Hoʻoikaika ia i ka mea ulu a me ka mea hoʻopuʻi e hana i kahi hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. No ka laʻana, inā maikaʻi ʻole nā kūlana a hōʻike ka app i ka 20 pakeneka o ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e pīpī."
"ʻAʻole wale ka Smart Spray - he fungicides, herbicides, a me nā mea a pau āu e makemake ai e pīpī," wahi a Nansen. “Ua kūkulu ʻia kēia app no nā strawberry; inā hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka soya, aniani a me ke kāpeti, pono nō ia akā ua pau ka pololei. Nā polokalamu e kali ana: ʻalemona, pistachio a me ke kōmato.
Ua hauʻoli ka poʻe ʻepekema kamepiula i ka hana ʻana i ka papahana. Ua hele ʻo Recalde i kahi hālāwai sprayers o Central Coast e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka app. “Ua lohe au 'Auē, auē, he ʻōpiopio loa ʻoe!' hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia. “A laila ua haʻi mākou iā lākou e pili ana i kēia mea hana pono, nā ʻano like ʻole e hiki ai ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana i ka mahiʻai. Ua hoihoi nui lākou i ka hiki ʻana i ka ʻenehana ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou hana.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Del Villar, nona ka makemake kamepiula i ke aʻo ʻana i ka poʻe ʻōpio pehea e hoʻopaʻa inoa ai, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia me ka makemake nui e hana i ka polokalamu Smart Spray ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka pono. Maikaʻi i ka ʻōlelo Paniolo, a me ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, hoʻolālā ʻo ia e unuhi i ka app ma ka ʻōlelo Sepania. Aia nō nā unuhi ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe.
Ke ʻimi nei ka hui i nā manaʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka app. "Ke manaʻolana nei mākou e ʻae nā mea kanu," wahi a Nansen, "a kōkua iā mākou e ʻimi i nā ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai."
Hoʻokahi manaʻo manaʻo mai Eric Flora, ka hoʻomohala honua honua a me ka luna o Crop Enhancement, Inc., Paso Robles: "Manaʻo wau he mea kōkua nui ʻo Smart Spray no nā mea ulu a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi e koho i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, nā volumes spray, tractor speed, a nā mea nui ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka uhi sprayer. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kāleka spray ke ala maikaʻi loa a maʻalahi hoʻi e ʻike ai, inā ʻoe e komo ana i nā wahi āpau o ka canopy he pilikia kāu pahuhopu pest—kau i nā kāleka kahi e hoʻouka ai nā mea ʻino i ka mea hoʻokipa e hāʻawi i ka ʻike maikaʻi loa.
ʻO nā haʻawina mokuʻāina, federala a me nā ʻoihana, me ka California Strawberry Commission a me ka Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative (FNRI) o ka US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service, kōkua kālā i ka papahana.
Ke ulu nei ʻo Kaleponi ma kahi o 88 pakeneka o nā strawberries o ka lāhui ma kahi o 34,000 mau ʻeka ma ke kahakai o Kaleponi, e like me ka Strawberry Commission. Loaʻa nā Strawberries i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Kaleponi.
Ma ka moku'āina holoʻokoʻa, he 50,000 mau paona no ka ʻeka i kēlā me kēia kau. Ma kahi o 300 mau mea kanu strawberry i huahekili mai ʻelima mau wahi ʻokoʻa o Kaleponi: Watsonville/Salinas, Santa Maria, Oxnard, Orange County/San Diego, a me ke awāwa waena. Hoʻopili lākou i nā ʻohana mahiʻai lehulehu e ulu ana i nā strawberries organik a me nā strawberries maʻamau.
No ka ʻike hou aku ma ka polokalamu Smart Spray, e kiʻi i ka manual ma https://bit.ly/2q3lsL3 a i ʻole e kelepona iā Nansen ma chrnansen@ucdavis.edu a 530-752-2728.
- Kathy Keatley Garvey, UC Davis
Kiʻi ma luna: ʻO ka hui ʻo Smart Spray: ʻepekema kamepiula ʻo Gabriel Del Villar; ʻO ke kanaka kālaihonua mahiʻai ʻo Christian Nansen a me ka ʻepekema kamepiula/haumāna Alexander Recalde. Kiʻi: Kathy Keatley Garvey