Ua paʻa ka ʻāina ma lalo o ka mahiʻai ʻana ma Sepania i ka makahiki 2022, me ka huina o 16,830,738 ʻeka, ʻo 0.42% wale nō ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka makahiki i hala, e like me ka ʻikepili kūʻokoʻa o ka Survey on Areas and Crop Yields of Spain (Esyrce), i paʻi ʻia e ka Ke Kuhina Mahiai, Ka lawaia a me ka Meaai.
Ua emi iki ka wahi i hoolaaia no ka aina mahiai. I ka makahiki 2022 ua kū ia ma 16,830,738 ʻeka (ha), 71,683 ha haʻahaʻa ma mua o 2021 (-0.42%). Ma keia huina nui, he 11,309,264 ha i pili i ka aina mahiai, 5,375,463 ha no na mea ulu laau a me 146,011 ha no na aina mahiai e ae.
ʻāina ʻāina
Aia ka ʻāina hoʻoulu ʻia i nā mea kanu a me nā fallows. ʻO nā mea kanu ulu, a me nā ʻāina fallow, ua hoʻemi i ko lākou wahi ma muli o ka emi ʻana o nā cereals a me nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka wahi o nā mea kanu ʻoihana e 22% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021 ke kū nei, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka piʻi ikaika o ka wahi o ka sunflower a me ka rapeseed. I loko o ka pūʻulu tuber, aia ka piʻi ʻana o 10.61%, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 5,000 ha ma mua o 2021.
ʻO ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi ka piʻi ʻana o 22% i ka wahi o nā mea kanu ʻoihana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021, ma muli o ka piʻi ikaika o ka wahi o ka sunflower a me ka rapeseed.
I ka hui cereals ma ka laulā, aia ka emi ʻana o 3.64% holoʻokoʻa. Me ka ʻokoʻa o ka palaoa, emi ka ʻili o nā cereals hoʻoilo a pau. ʻO ka laiki a me ka maile ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻili o nā makahiki he 18 i hala, ma muli paha o ke kūlana i loaʻa i ka maloʻo i ka wā o ka hoʻolaha. ʻO Sorghum, ʻoiai ka piʻi nui o ka pākēneka, ʻaʻole hiki i ka 3,000 ha piʻi i ka waiwai piha.
ʻO ka laiki a me ka maile ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o nā makahiki he 18 i hala, ma muli paha o ke kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maloʻo i loaʻa i ka hoʻolaha.
ʻO nā legumes palaoa, me nā mea kanu ʻoihana a me nā ʻuala, ka hui o nā mea kanu i hoʻonui ʻia i ko lākou wahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka makahiki i hala. ʻO nā mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā lentils, yeros a me nā pī maloʻo. Ua ukali ʻia e nā pī maloʻo a me ka ʻai vetch. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, nalowale nā lupins ma mua o 76% o ka ʻāina i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021, e hele ana i nā pae makahiki i hala ma hope o ka piʻi ikaika ʻana o nā hoʻolaha hope.
ʻO nā mea kanu ʻoihana ka pūʻulu mea kanu me ka hapa nui o ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻili i ka makahiki 2022. Hoʻonui ʻia ka Sunflower a me ka rapeseed ma mua o 200,000 ha holoʻokoʻa. Eia naʻe, hōʻike ʻia ka emi ʻana o nā mea kanu ma muli o ka maloʻo. Ua nalowale ka ʻōmato ʻoihana ma mua o 41% o ka ʻāina i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka sugar beet a me ka pulupulu e hōʻike ana i kahi emi o 25,000 ha. Ua hōʻea ka ʻāina paka i ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa o nā makahiki he 18 i hala, me ka nalowale o ka mahiʻai ʻana o 25% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021.
Ma ka pūʻulu mea kanu forage, ua emi ka nui o ka ʻāpana i ka 0.87%, e hōʻike ana i ka alfalfa, ka palaoa forage a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka forage, ʻo ia hoʻi ka beetroot a me ka turnip, nā kāpeti a me nā collards a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka forage vetch a me nā cereals forage ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka wahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka makahiki i hala.
ʻO ka hui o nā mea kanu a me nā pua ka mea i emi nui loa i loko o nā mea kanu, me ka emi ʻana o 8.86% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ma muli o ka manawa o ka huakaʻi mua ʻo ESYRCE, nā hopena o nā mea kanu horticultural. ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻiliʻili piha ʻia i kēia hōʻike e pili ana i ka ʻikepili Survey Provisional ma 2022.
ʻO ka pūʻulu o nā mea kanu a me nā pua ka mea i emi nui loa i loko o nā mea kanu, me ka emi ʻana o 8.86% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021.
Hōʻike ka ʻāina mahiʻai Fallow i kahi emi liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he 2.01% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021. He mea kupanaha ka hoʻonui mālie ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei o nā ʻāina me nā ʻōnaehana irrigation i ʻike ʻia me ke kanu ʻole i ka manawa o ke kipa ʻana.
Nā mea kanu lāʻau
Ma ka pūʻulu o nā mea kanu lāʻau, ʻike ʻia ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā ʻano āpau o ka hui, koe wale nō ka māla waina, nā ʻoliva a me nā mea lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Ua iho iki ka māla waina a me ka ulu ʻoliva, i huki ʻia e ka iho ʻana o ka hua waina no ka hana waina a me ka ʻoliva no ka ʻaila.
Ma waena o nā mea kanu lāʻau ʻē aʻe, hōʻike ka lāʻau carob i ka emi ʻana o ka pākēneka. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua hoʻonui nā mea kanu lāʻau i ko lākou ʻili i ka 0.27% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021 a ʻoi aku ka piʻi ʻana o nā lāʻau hua citrus. Ma waena o kēia mau mea, ʻo ka almond a me ka pistachio nā mea i ulu nui loa, i ukali ʻia, i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, e ka peach-nectarine a me ka avocado. I loko o nā kumulāʻau hua citrus e hoʻonui i ka lāʻau alani a me ka lemona. E pili ana i nā lāʻau hua citrus ʻole, ʻo ka ʻāpala, ka persimmon, ka kiwi a me ka mango, i waena o nā mea subtropical, a me ka hazelnut i nā nati, iho.
ʻO ka ʻalemona a me ka pistachio nā mea i ulu nui loa, hahai ʻia, i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, e ka peach-nectarine a me ka avocado.
Esyrce
Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia noiʻi ma kahi noiʻi kahua, kahi mai ka makahiki 1990 ua lawe pololei ʻia ka ʻike ma ka pae ʻāpana i kahi hiʻohiʻona georeferenced o ka ʻāina aupuni i nā mahina o Mei a Sepatemaba, me nā ʻoihana ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 e hōʻiliʻili pololei i ka ʻikepili ma ka ʻāina āpau. .