ʻO nā hoʻāʻo mua e Dyson Farming a me Groundswell Agronomy e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻuala me ka zero-tilage.
Akā ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻuala me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka mahiʻai ʻana, ʻaʻole i ka mahi ʻai ʻole, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā loina ʻē aʻe o ka mahiʻai regenerative e hōʻike ana i ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki.
Ke neʻe nui nei ʻo Dyson Farming i nā mahi liʻiliʻi i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma waena o kāna mahiʻai - ua hoʻemi ʻia ka palau ʻana e 60% i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala aku nei, me ka 45% o ka ʻāina i uhi ʻia a i ʻole i nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia kau, akā ʻo ka ʻuala kahi wahi pipili. , wahi a Tom Storr o ka hui.
ʻO ke ala hou aʻe i ka hana ʻuala e kōkua iā ia e mālama i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lepo ma muli o kēlā mau hoʻololi, ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana i nā kumukūʻai a me ka wehe ʻana i ka hana ʻuala i ka ʻāina i hiki ʻole i kēia manawa, e like me ka ʻāina heath.
ʻO nā hoʻāʻo mua i nā kau ʻelua i hala aku nei ua manaʻo ʻia ka zero-till potato, me 120 hua ʻuala i kanu ʻia ma lalo o ka mauʻu i ka makahiki 2021. Ua paʻakikī ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ma hope o ka hōʻemi nui ʻana o nā ʻiole a me nā slugs.
"Ma kahi o ʻekolu pule ma hope o ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka wā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻuala i ulu maʻamau," wahi a Mr Storr.
"Inā mākou e hana i kēia ma kahi pānaʻi pāʻoihana, pono paha mākou e kanu ma mua."
ʻO ka ʻeli ʻana i nā laʻana i manaʻo ʻia he mau ʻuala ʻuala ʻaʻohe kumu naikokene hua ma kahi o 48t/ha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka 68t/ha no nā ʻuala ulu maʻamau.
Ua emi ka nui o ka scab maʻamau i ka ʻuala, ma muli paha o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻuala no ka manawa mau.
Hiki ke ohi me ka mīkini hele kalepa me ka la'ana ma'ema'e ma'amau, 'oiai ua hiki mai ka mau'u.
ʻO kahi ʻāpana nui e hoʻonohonoho i ka mea ʻohi e pale i kēlā, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini hoʻoikaika ponoʻī me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻōlelo ʻo Mr Storr.
Ke hana hou ʻia nei ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kēia kau ma nā moena 50m, strawed me a me ka ʻole o ka moena hua kanu, a me kahi moena ʻē aʻe i uhi ʻia me ka digestate.
Nā pilikia pest
ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ʻana no nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o Dyson mai ka ʻike ʻana i kahi hōʻikeʻike ʻole ma Groundswell i 2015, i hana hou ʻia i ka hanana i kēia makahiki.
Ua paʻakikī hoʻi ka puka ʻana mai, me nā ʻiole a me nā slugs kahi pilikia, wahi a Richard Harding mai Groundswell Agronomy.
ʻO kekahi paʻakikī ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana me ka nui o ka ʻōpala, wahi āna. "ʻO ko mākou manaʻo e kanu i kahi mea kanu lālani ākea, e like me ka ʻono a i ʻole ka ʻōpala, e ulu i kahi mea kanu waiwai nui, ʻoiai e ʻae ana i ka ʻōpala e hoʻomau i ka haki ʻana, ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i kahi hua cereal."
ʻO kahi ala ʻē aʻe, a Ben Taylor-Davies i hoʻokō ai ma kāna 32ha o ka ʻuala ma Herefordshire, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai ke hoʻēmi i ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala.
“Ua ho'āʻo au me ka ʻōnaehana crimping rye, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka compost e kanu i ka ʻuala ma luna, ka hoʻoinu ʻuala a me ka ʻōpala, e ʻike inā hiki iā mākou ke ulu i ka ʻuala ma ke kālepa. Ua lawa mākou i ka ʻike ua nalowale mākou i ke kālā he hiki ʻole iā mākou ke hoʻomau, "wahi āna.
Ua alakaʻi ʻo ia iā ia e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mahiʻai e like me ka ʻōlelo a kekahi. "Hoʻoulu hou ka Nature iā ia iho ma o ka waikahe, ke ahi, ka wī a i ʻole nā hopena maiuu nui, no laila he ʻino nā mahiʻai?" ninau mai la ia.
"No laila ua hoʻololi au i ka ʻuala a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka ʻuala e like me ke ahi, kahi ʻāpana wī o koʻu hoʻololi ʻana."
ʻOhi uhi
ʻO kāna mau ʻuala ma hope o kahi hua puna, me ka biomass overwinter cover crop nui i kanu ʻia ma waena, kahi i hānai ʻia me nā hipa e lawe i ka 70% o ka ulu ʻana, a ʻo ke koena 30% e hānai ʻia ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻuala.
ʻO ke kanu ʻana ma kahi pā hoʻokahi me kahi moena a me ka mea kanu. "I ka manawa o ke kanu ʻana, ke hoʻohana nei mākou i ka wai wai kohu Johnson-Su, e kālele ana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka biology ke hoʻopilikia mākou i ke koena olaola o ka lepo."
Ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lepo me ka biology, ʻōlelo ʻo ia e paʻa ʻia nā nematodes potato cyst a me rhizoctonia ma ke kai. Kanu pū ʻo ia i ka buckwheat, ka pī a me ka vetch i ka hohonu like me ka ʻuala me ka mea kanu hoa.
"ʻO ka vetch a me ka buckwheat acid ka mea i hoʻokahe i ka rhizosphere a puni ka ʻuala ʻuala, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ai i ka phosphate hou aʻe, me ka hoʻohui ʻana o Johnson-Su i hiki iā mākou ke ʻeli i ka nui o ka phosphate i loko o kā mākou lepo."
Me ka peas a me ka vetch e hoʻoponopono ana i ka nitrogen, a me ka mea i loko o ka uhi uhi, ua ʻike ʻo Mr Taylor-Davies he pono ʻo ia e hoʻopili i 10 kgN/ha o ka urea-based foliar nitrogen, me ka sulfur a me ke kalapona.
ʻO ka hana ʻē aʻe o nā hoa, ʻo ia ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā ʻiniko pono i loko o ka ʻuala.
"Inā hele ʻoe ma waena o kahi hua pua ma mua o ka pua ʻana, nui nā mea pono i laila," wahi āna.
"He mana kupaianaha ko nā mea kanu e hoʻokahe i ka nectar mai ko lākou mau kumu e hoʻomaka ai e kūkulu i nā helu ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua.
"Ma hope o kēlā, kūkulu ʻia nā ladybirds, lacewings a me nā hoverflies, he hopena nui i ka heluna aphid."
Ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i ka meaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi - ka neʻe ʻana mai nā ʻano chloride o ka pāpaʻa e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā paʻakai i nā pilikia a make wai nā mea kanu. ʻO ia ka mea i hiki ai ke hoʻemi i ka irrigation.
Hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka loiloi kohu e wehe i ka ʻike o ke olakino mea kanu, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka foliar o ka magnesium sulphate, ʻoiai ʻo ka lepo he magnesium-waiwai, e kōkua ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pane maikaʻi aʻe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka potassium, phosphate a me ka nitrogen. "Hoʻokele mākou i nā mea ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hemahema."
Hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka hua i ka hopena o ʻAukake, ʻo ia ka manawa e hele pinepine mai ai ka blight i ka hua. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana ma mua e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻōpala blight i koi ʻia - i ka makahiki i hala ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻohana i kekahi.
Ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana
Ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana, i ka wā e pale aku ai ʻo ia i ke kālepa ʻana i ke kula me nā kaʻa kaʻa, kanu koke ʻo ia i kahi mea uhi uhi e hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoponopono.
“Ke hana nei mākou i nā ana kalapona lepo ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a i ka makahiki i hala ʻaʻole i emi iho ko mākou pae kalapona ma hope o ka ʻuala. Hoʻokahi makahiki, hoʻokahi hoʻokolokolo, akā ke hana hou nei mākou i kēia makahiki.
ʻO kēlā ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka Dyson Farming e lawe ai, ʻae ʻo Dr Storr.
ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole pololei i ka hoʻolālā mea kūʻai
Ma hope o ka makemake o ka poʻe kūʻai e kūʻai i nā hua o nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole mai kāna mahiʻai, ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻo Ben Taylor-Davies e hana i kahi pūʻulu ʻuala like ʻole me nā wehewehe e pili ana i nā hua i kūpono i nā ʻano kuke like ʻole.
"ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi koho koho ponoʻī iā ʻoe iho."
Ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e kanu i ʻehiku a ʻeiwa mau ʻano ʻuala like ʻole i kēia kau. "ʻO ka ʻokoʻa kahi mea a mākou e makemake ai. ʻIke mākou i ka hui pū ʻana me ka palaoa, ka bale a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
"Hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kāna mau pilikia ponoʻī e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a i ʻole e hoʻohana pololei i loko o ke kaʻina hana e like me ka hui ʻana, a i ʻole e hana i kēia mau ʻeke ʻano like ʻole no kahi supermarket."
"Ma nā ʻoihana āpau ke nānā nei mākou i nā mea kanu uhi kahi e hiki ai iā mākou, akā i ka manawa a me ke ʻano o ka mahiʻai a mākou e hana nei. Ma ka hapa nui o ko mākou ʻāina ʻuala, e ʻōʻō palau ana mākou, mahi ʻai moe a me nā pā hana moe.
"Manaʻo wau i kahi a mākou e makemake ai e hele inā pono mākou e hana i ʻelua pā me kahi moe, a i ʻole hoʻokahi pass. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea hoihoi i ka nānā ʻana i ka holomua o nā hoʻāʻo mahiʻai kahi e hoʻohālikelike ai mākou i nā hua mai ka ulu ʻana ma lalo o ka mauʻu me ka palau, ka moena a me ka mea kanu, a me ka palau, ka moena, ka moena, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana inā pono.
"Ke hōʻike nei nā hopena ʻaʻole nui ka ʻokoʻa o ka hua ma ka lawe ʻana i hoʻokahi mahiʻai - a laila e pili ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka maʻalahi o ka ʻohi ʻana.
"Inā he mau wāwae ko ka ʻuala ma lalo o ka mauʻu ma ke kālepa, manaʻo wau e hilinaʻi mau ana mākou i kekahi ʻano o ka mahiʻai ʻana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻili e pale aku i ka pōʻino o nā mīkini," hoʻopau ʻo ia.
ʻO Ben Taylor-Davies, Richard Harding lāua ʻo Tom Storr e kamaʻilio ana i kahi hālāwai seminar i kapa ʻia "He wahi ko ka ʻuala i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana regen?" i ka hanana Groundswell i mālama ʻia ma mua o kēia makahiki ma Hertfordshire
Kumu: https://www.fwi.co.uk